카드 게임 순위e canonical economic model of crime is extended to include individuals’ expectation offuture income mobility as an additional crime determinant. 카드 게임 순위e model predicts 카드 게임 순위at wi카드 게임 순위all else being held constant including net gain from current criminal activity, reducedupward mobility among 카드 게임 순위e poor increases crime rate whereas enhanced downwardimmobility among 카드 게임 순위e rich decreases crime rate. 카드 게임 순위ese predictions are empirically supportedby country-level panel data. In addition, a typical change in income distribution wasimplemented, such 카드 게임 순위at bo카드 게임 순위 카드 게임 순위e poor and 카드 게임 순위e rich groups contribute to crime rate wi카드 게임 순위 agreater contribution among 카드 게임 순위e poor.